Reverberatory furnace



June l0, i930. F.4 F. LINES 1,763,471

RIEVERJIRA'I.'CRYv FURNGE Filed July-11. 1921 @sheets-sheet 1 @mem/boiJune 10, 1930. F. F. LINES 1,763,471

REVERBERATORY FURNACE Filed July 11, 19'21 s sheets-sheet 2 June 10,'1930. F. F. LINES REVERBERATORY FURNACE 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed July l1.1921 Patented June 10, 1930 FREDERICK LINES, OF AANNAPOLIS, MARYLANDREVERBERATORY F'URIIACE i Application led July 11,v

My invention relates to reverberatory furnaces and more particularly to'that type of furnaces known .as open hearth furnaces of the reversibletype, where the hot products of combustion mayor may not passtoregeneratorsto recuperate a portion of their heat, before passing tothe furnace stack. Upona reversal of the direction of movement of thegases across the hearth, these gases first pass ,through theregenerators previously heated.

Myinvention consists in the novel construction of the heads of' suchfurnaces with particular reference to the ports for air yand for gas. x

The volume o'f air and gas supplied through one furnace khead is lessthan the volume of the products "of combustion, consequently, when thedirection of flow of the gases is reversed the out oing port openingshould be the larger, an Iprovide a construction to accomplish' this,and the con# struction may or may not include arrangements for varyingthe relative area of the ports in a furnace head. By'such means therelative proportion ofair and gas-may bevaried in the furnaceheadyinstead of by distant valves controlling the gas suppl "from theregenerators, or by controlling t 1e propulsion fan. Preferably theenlargement of the port area is effected by moving one of the ort endswith respect to the other,- aud speci call by withdrawing the gas portend or nozzle rom the mouth of the air port. s L

The control of fluid supply-is brought aboutl by reason of the taper ofthe portswith respect to one another, or their relative positions to oneanother. These two features are not necessarily'present together in fthe same structure or. furnace head.

The movement of the movable nozzle preferably the gas ort nozzle becauseit is 'the smaller, of one' urnace head may or may not be independent ofthe like port in the opposite furnace head. However, I prefer to makeonedependent upon the other and preferably. so connected that they movesimultaneously and to equal extents. y

Details of construction and other features of invention will bedescribed in the .water cooled. gas nozzle 111 that is provided 1921.Serial No. 483,792.

following description in which.: v

Figure 1A is a longitudinal verticalsection l through the hearth furnaceand heads of an open hearth 'steel making furnace.

.Fig. 2 is a tion. t y

. Fig. 3 is a section on line 33 Fig. 4 is a 'front View.

Fig. 5 is a cross section of a rnodiicaion.l

Fig. 6 is a view of the discharge endof a gas port end of elliptical shae.

Referring more particularl;7 to Fig. 1, the furnace chamber 10 has aport'cooler 11 at cach throat or head. end as is customary with' suchfurnaces. Each head is also provided' with a gas uptake flue 12 and anairuptakeflue 13 that is somewhatlarger than the as uptake. IIn eachhead I provide a tubu ar longitudinal central crosssecwith an intakecooling water pipe 15 and several water discharge pipes 16. Pipe 15which is preferably somewhat larger than'the pipes 16 is provided with apiston 17'` operatingin a cylinder'18 that has y75 at each end valvedHuid pipes 19 for supplying operating fluid, air or water as the casemay be, for operating the piston. The cylinder 18 is adj ustablysupported on screw rods v 20 that are rotated by hand wheels 21:,and 80that are supportedv in suitablec brackets or frames 22.

The front and rear ends of the cylinder 18 are connected to plates 23moreclearly shown in the enlarged views Figs..2 land 4.

The return Water pi es 16 are also secured inthese plates 23 so t at.thewhole may be raised or llowered or the Y,inclination varied slightly'to vary the inclination o'f the nozzle.

The nozz1e14 can bewithdrawn from or A90 projected into the portcoolerll andthereby control the quantity of air relatively to thequantity of gas supplied to the furnace chamber 10 and by operatingthescrews 20 the inclinationof the nozzle maybe' varied to direct 95 thefiame either more toward the roof or to- `ward the hearth or meltin thelfurnace.

The ort cooler 1 1 may have only its top incline downwardly as inFig.,1vor it may have its sides inclinedtoward one another as i' at .25,Fi '.2l orboth, to give direction to the In this construction the nozzle26 does not pass entirely into the port cooler 29 as in Figures 1 and 2.v When the nozzle is withdrawn by the piston 17 -its rear end enters arecess 30, Figs. l'and- 2 or passesover a ledge 31, Fig. 3, andslidesfrom over the air up-take 13 over the gas 11p-take 12 as shown atthe right in Fig. 1. 1

This materially enlarges the passage or the effective area of theoutgoing port cooler 11 as shownat theright of Fig. l and provides anenlarged passage for the gases down the i, air channels 13 to thecustomary heat exchanger not shown, becauseit is the eifective area'throughthe outgoing throat 11 that determinesy the rapidity ofdischarge of the products of combustion'and this area must becalculated' to -pass the maximum volume vof such products'. v v

In case the air channel 13 at its lower portion isy not large enough tocarry all the products of combustion or where the gas passageis arrangedto supply gas to Vthe heat exchanger', I provide a damper or slide 30Abetween the'two passages thatisopened to per-l mit combustion sages 13and 12.

When the gas-is reversed the damper is closed the -nozzle114 on one sideof the furnace is projectediand the nozzle on the other side of thefurnace is retracted. This may be done simultaneously lay-connecting thecylinders 18 .to operatetheir pistons simultaneously as is', customarilydone withpistons connected' to operate simultaneously for other vdevicesand suchA connections include the valved pipes and 36, line pipe 37 vandvalved pipes 38 and 39.

v:as

gas nozzle chan es the direction either more toward the roo bath of thefurnace.

In Figure 1 it will be noted that the space between the cooler 11 andtop o f nozzle 14 is greater than at the bottom, thus providing more airnear the roof of the furnace. In case it be desired to close olf the airentirely at the bottomv of the nozzle, I place some loose insulatingmaterial `on thev cooler 11 at the bottom such as' line chrome ore,magnesite etc., as at 34 Fig. 3. Then the air will be supplied only onthreesides ofthe gas stream.

1. In a reverberatory furnace, a' furnacev head having an air port and agas port, means to vary the relative areas of the mouths ot said portsand simultaneously control the quantity of fluid delivered to one ofsaid ports. y

2. In an open hearth regenerative furnace,

a hearth, two uptake. lues communicating with the hearth through athroat adapted to serve alternately as an outlet for gases of combustionand an inlet for fuel, and meansI forfvarying they effective -'area ofthey throat in such manner as to restrict the flow through one u takewithout restricting the flow throng the other u take.

In testimony that -claim the foregoing as my invention, vI have signedmy. naine hereto.

. FREDERICK F. LINES.

gasesto pass down both pas'-` or more toward the metal losfront`.bevelled as at 33V and presents a Broad narrow jet of air and gasat the throat.

`It will thus be' selen that in all of the constructions shown by movingthe active gas 'I port 14 more'toward its cooperating throat v. cooler11 the air supply is cut of accordingly so that the, mixture becomesricher in gas whileby withdrawing the nozzle 11 from its v coler 11 moreairis 'admitted and the gas mixture becomes poorer in gas by reason of lthe larger-quantity of air. v

The inclined surfaces of the cooler or nozzle or both operate to give anozzle effect to the air. The variation of the inclination ofthe

